Heating apparatus.



Nq. 732,749. x

1 v PATBNTED JULY-1,' 1903. A. KEHM.

HEATING APPARATUS.

LPPLIGATION FILED FEB. 18. 1901.v

l0 IODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

YH: cams PETERS c, Fnom-Ll'mu, WASHINGTON. n c.

,110.732,749. PATENTED JUL-Yls'aoa.

A A. KBHM.

HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 18. 1901. A y

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2S no. mmm..

\/R/l @WCE-4Q@ i UNITED STATES,

:Patented July 7, 1790s.

PATENT OFFICE..v

AUGUST KEHM,"OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF To JAME'S'H. DAVIS, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. l

HEATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 732,749, dated J uly',` 1903.

Application filed February 18,1901. Serial No. 47,742. (No model.) v

To a/ZZ whrn, intact/concern.-

of thel United States, residing in Chicago, Cook county, Illinois,have invented Certain new and useful Improvements in Heating Apparat-us, of which the following, taken in connection With the -accompanying drawings, is a specification.

The rst of the objects of my present inro vention is the provision of improved appliances for heating the air in cars, rooms, or

- buildings, whereby greater economy in operation, greater simplicity in construction, and more satisfactory and readily controllable results are'secured.

Another object of my invention is to reduce the amount of room occupied by the heating mechanism for a given amount of cubical capacity of space to be heated.

2o Another object of my invention-is the provision of means whereby fresh or pure air can be introduced into a building and the'quantit-y thereof regulated o rcontrolled with great nicety as Well as the heat imparted to it.

2 5 Heretofore the devicescommonly employed for heating rooms have been radiators, deriving their heat from heated Water or steam circulating through them from some suitable source ofheat, the air in the room being heat- 3o ed by coming in direct Contact with the surface of the radiators and caused to circulate through the roomby means ofthe additional heat imparted to it and the greater lightness of the air which has been heated over that which has not been heated. In apparatus of this kind I have found that to heat a room of Y any considerable size a radiator must be provided which occupies considerable space, and where steam is employed in such radiator it 4o is a matter of extreme difficulty to properly control the amount of heat.

In carrying out my invention I provide a heating apparatus comprising the combination, with a source of heat, of means for introducing compressed air and'for bringing the same under the action ofV the heat and then causing it to be released or injected into the air of'the'roomvwhioh isv to beheated. By compressed `air I mean air confined Within a 5o limited space under some material pressure stored or generated by means of a suitable compressingmechanism within some suitable storage receptacle as contradistinguished from air which is not so confined or compressed, but has its motion from changes in specific gravity of diiferentportions of the air-body itself.

My invention is il'lustratedin preferred form in the accompanying drawings, in whiche- Figure 1 is a sectional View of a portion of a building to which my invention has been applied. Fig. 2 is a sectional View showing one type of constructiony of the mechanism or heating apparatus which Iv employ in the rooms to be heated and which I shall for convenience hereinafter call a diffuser.. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the apparatus shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a section showing,r a modified form of apparatus.

Referringnow more particularly to Fig. l, it 7o will be seen that at 5 I haveshown a Steamboiler provided for the purpose of supplying live steam to run an air-compressor 6 and to supply heat to the llive-steam main 7 in the heating of the building. The compressor stores a reservoir Sywith compressed air, arranged to be supplied to the various rooms `in the building by meansof a system of circulating-pipes (indicated at 9) and designed to he brought into Contact with the heat from the steam obtained through the pipes 7 in the diusers 10, one or more of which is intended to be placed in everyroom. 1l is a return-pipe for thecondensation, which may be either let intoa trapY 12 or directly back 85 into the boiler, as shown at 13. Suitable Valves are provided in allof these several pipes for properly controllingfthe passage of. the fluids conducted in them. Thus at 14 there is a valve to controlthe admission of live steam to the live-steam heating-main 7. At 15 there is a throttle-valve for the compressor. At 16 there is a valve controlling communication between lthe steam-.exhaust from the compressor and the heat-main7, so 95 that, if desired, exhauststeam` maybeu'sed in conjunction with the heating. mechanism.

At 17 there is a valve controlling-admission of compressed air from the storage receptacle or tank 8 to the compressed-air main 9, and loe at 18, 19, and 20 there are valves intended to be used for regulating the action of the heatdiffuser.

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 2, it will be seen that in constructing the heatdiuser I connect a live-steam pipe through the valve 18 at the upper end of a casing 2l, the out-let or condensation pipe of which is shown at 22. Within the casing 2l there are practically two parts-an expansion-chamber 23, which through the slotted opening 24has communication with the interiorof the room, and a diffusion-chamber 25, within which I arrange some means-as, for example, the pipe or coil 26for conveying the compressed air through the said chamber and bringing it into contact with the heat of the steam therein. After the air has been heated in the said chamber by passing through the pipe 26 it is ejected through the nozzle 27 into the expansion-chamber 23, from whence it issues through the slotted opening 2t into the room. Within the diffusion-chamber 25 I also arrange another pipe or coil 28, controlled by the valve 20, this pipe being designed to conduct air either from the room itself through the diffusion-chamber and thence into the expansion-chamber 23 and through the opening 24 or from the outside of the building, as may bedesired,the point ofsupply forthis pipe being determined by the position of the handle of the valve 20, which is preferably made in the shape of an ordinary three-Way valve, one inlet to which comes from the outside of the building and the other from the inside of the room. In order to cause a passage or forced circulation of air through the pipe 28, I arrange the outletnozzle 27 of the compressed-air pipe 2G so that it will be in juxtaposition to the outlet end 29 of the pipe 28 and exert upon the same a sucking or ejector' action, as may be clearly seen from examination of Fig. 2 of the drawings.

If desired, the pipe 28 can be omitted, the pipe 26 alone being used; but I prefer to employ both. It is also evident that the mechanism can be so arranged that the compressed air passing the valve 19 can be delivered through a nozzle into an opening at the inlet of a single pipe 30, as shown in Fig. 4, the compressed air having an injector action at the point 31 to suck in air from the room through the passage 32, the mingled pressure from the compressed-air pipe and from the room or from the outside, as may be supplied from the passage 32, then iiowing together through the pipe 30 within the diffusionchamber 25 and escaping into the expansion-chamber 23 and thence into the room through the slotted opening 2st. .Other modi- Iications also of these several features may y be made Without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The operation of my invention is as follows: Compressed air having been stored in a tank S and heat generated in boiler 5, steam may be permitted to enter the diffuser 10 through the valve 18, when it Will come intocontact with the pipes inside of the diffusionchamber 25, (see Fig. 2,) after which compressed air may be admitted by opening the valve 19, which in turn after being heated and passing through the diffusion-chamber will suck air through the supplemental pipe 28 from the interior of the room or from the outside atmosphere, which will also be heated in passing through the diffusion-chamber, and the air from both of these pipes Will mingle and expand in the chamber 23 and iiow outwardly through the slotted opening 24.` and heat the room, the condensation being taken care of through the pipe 22.

Frein the above it is obvious that the operation of my improvement is subject to the greatest nicety of control. The exact amount of heat or steam employed can be regulated by an adjustment of the valve 18. The amount of compressed air used may be regulated with great nicety by proper adjustment of the valve 19, and the amount of air from the interior of the room which is to be reheated or the amount of fresh air admitted from the outside of the building which is to be sent through the diffuser can be regulated perfectly by proper manipulation of the valve 20.

By careful condensation tests I have discovered that in an apparatus of this kind a device of a given size will have many times over the heating capacity of the ordinary form of radiator. On this account it is clear that to produce a given amount of heat a very much smaller device can be employed. The compressed-air pipe 2G for an average size diffuser need be but a fraction of an inch, While that of the pipe or coil 28, which supplies the air for reheating or the fresh air, can be made of any size desired or as circu mstances may require. Although I have shown the two as the same size, they obviously need not be made exactly so.

It is obvious from the above description of my improvements that I secure an apparatus -for heating purposes which is capable of being operated With a minimum amount of trouble and at a small expense, since for a plurality of diifuscrs arranged at different points I provide a common source of compressed air and a common source of heat, thus avoiding the necessity for taking care of heating apparatus in a number of dil'erent places and putting both a source of heat and a source of the compressed air in a position Where they can be readily looked after by the same attendant.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In heating apparatus the combination with a supply of compressed air and a supply of heated fluid, with a separate diffuser which comprises a chamber heated from said heating source, means for admitting the com pressed air directly to the heat in said chamber, and means for immediately expanding IOT TIO

and liberating the resulting heated air in the l room, substantially as described.

2. A source of compressed air and a source of heat, in combination with an individual diffuser therefor for a distant room, comprising a diffusion-chamber, an expansion-chamber,pipes passing through the diffusion-chamber,and opening into the expansion-cham ber, said pipes being provided with an inlet for compressed air from said source of' compressed air, and With an outlet into said expansion-chamber,and means whereby the air, afterit expands into the expansion-chamber, may escape into the room to be heated, substantially as described.

3. A source of compressed air and a source of heat, in combination with a diffuser therefor, comprising a diffusion-chamber, an expansion-chamber, pipes passiugthrough the diffusion-chamber, the ends of the pipes being placed in such a relation to cach other that compressed air issuing from one of them into the expansion-chamber draws the air through the other pipe along with it, substantially as described.

4. A source of compressed air anda source of heat, in combination with a diffuser therefor, comprising a casing, a diffusion chamber, and an expansion-chamber in said casing, a compressed-air pipe passing through said diffusion-chamber and discharging into said expansion chamber, an inlet-for said compressed-air pipe for supplying the same with air from said source of compressed air, and means for permitting escape of the air from said expansion-chamber, substantially as described.

5. A source of compressed air, and a source of heat, in combination with a diuser therefor, comprising afcasing, a diffusion-chamber, and an expansion-chamber in said casing, a compressed-air pipe passing through said diffusion-chamber and discharging into said expansion-chamber, and asupplemental air-pipe passing through said diiusion-chamber, and arranged to have air drawn therethrough, and discharged into said expansionchamber, substantially as described.

6. A source of compressed air,'and a source of heat, in combination with a diffuser therefor, comprising a casing, a diffusion-chamber, and an expansion-chamber in said casing, a compressed-air pipe passing through` diffusion-chambers therein, means for heating said chambers, meansfor supplying said chambers With compressed air, and means for liberating saidv compressed air after it is heated in said diffusion chambers, and a source of compressed air common to all of said diffusers, and a source of heat for supplying heat to said diffusion-chambers, common to all of said diusion-chambers, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a diffusion-chamber, a supply of compressed air andv means for conducting it to said chamber and regulating its escape therein, of a supply of heating fluid and independent regulable means for conducting it to said chamber and means Within said chamber for applying the heatto the compressed air and for immediately discharging the same. g

`AUGUST vKEHM.

Witnesses:

PAUL CARPENTER, FRANK O. GREEN. 

